Some of my favorite people!

Is a recording of the first meeting available? Thanks.

Yes! Recording is available on our website at tricem.org/education-and-outreach/club-evmed

(please don’t click link now for security reasons—wait until after the meeting)

how do we get the papers ahead of time?

Papers were linked in the meeting signup page

For future meetings, we’ll also be sending relevant links in the confirmation email (I’ve recently figured out how to do this)

Feel free to start posting any questions or comments!

This would suggest that human population density may be more important for emergence of pandemic than frequency of contact in rural environments.

is it possible to do somewhat broad screens for viral antibodies, as you can do with PCR for current infections?

Two questions: 1) How much has the incidence of spillover changed within the last two decades in locations like southern and western China compared with prior decades? 2) Should consideration be made about recent ecological displacement and the expansion of demographic sizes due to growth in these regions, as much as the local tendencies to consume or come into contact with wild animals?

I agree with Joseph’s sentiment as well as a corollary to demographic expansions.

Is antibody protection assumed to be lifetime (in your study), otherwise you could be missing those that were exposed but antibodies weaned

Why are wet markets in big cities riskier than rural communities that live with animals? Is it because of the introduction of ‘amplifier’ species? Or the population density?

Question for Hongying - Domestic animals are often mentioned as bridge hosts between bats (or other wild species) and humans. Have you screening domestic animals for anti-betacoronavirus antibodies in parallel to your study?

Human demography is not just population density in the ecological sense, but also genetic diversity with regards to the ability of viral clones to find individuals to infect.

I am really concern, Because I am leading a research project in central Mexico, that involves trapping bats, rodents, medium size mammals like coyotes among species from other taxonomic groups (birds, insects, anphibians, reptiles, etc) and I am really concern regarding the biosecurity, my team is very concern, regarding the posibility of spilling over to wildlife

in spillover paper, few survey respondents reported using risk mitigation practices to prevent disease transmission. how might these measures be encouraged in the future?

Corona virus sequence does not suggest that pangolin played a role in this pandemic.

are wet market animals more for food or more for ineffective cures based on superstition?

Another question relates to the specificity of spillover to market practices. Are the people who gather the animals in the wild the same as the ones processing & selling them in the marketplace? If you were to stratify spillover events with these specific roles, would you predict differences? Is there any way to assess for differences between vendor & customer spillover events where proximity & duration of exposure would be predicted to be different?

COVID19 virus seems to be an example of an evolutionary succesful virus. Those “successful” animal to human transfers are extremely rare events. Since human populations are increasing, those small probabilities for emergence of viruses with high level of fitness are becoming bigger. It’s just a matter of evolution and adaptation.

Agree with Konstantinos.

In rural areas, are there any animals that could be used for sentinel surveillance early detection of die-off)?

Konstantinos - agreed - combine that with certain policies/economic structures present today, and we can see why we are in the situation we are in…

Anthroposes?

Risk mitigation will be helped by ending poverty! Poor people are always more at risk to be flashpoint of epidemic origin.

Agree with Joseph and Emerald

Yep - perform storm of all the variables that seem to matter.

That’s what I read: not cheap source of protein, more of exotic meat consumption.

Totally agree with Kevin

Actually, the problem began with Bruce Wayne.

Given this perfect storm, the solution appears to be a mix of education, providing alternative forms of income, and a kind of constant surveillance using sentinel species. But how would this policy be implemented?

What about nasal passages?

What were discussing is just one example where SES plays a part in ORIGINS, but I think Joseph and I are talking about the situation we are at now of global pandemic status - where economic inequality and certain economic policies are driving the situation to become worse (or better, for countries/regions with less socioeconomic inequality and more pro-social labor, family, healthcare policy, etc.). Just a comment!

I completely agree with Emerald and Joseph on this point as well.

Agree with Emerald.

Are there any cultural connections we can use in conjunction with education? Seems like it would make it more likely to have the risk reduction measures be adopted by those going to wet markets or hunting wildlife

Are there studies being done on spill over risk in ritualistic practices with wildlife and bridge animals in festivals, for example the yulin dog festival etc.?

Bureaucrats may favorite people!

with regards to the spillover of this virus and any other, changing the behavior of Chines people and any other individuals across the Globe will take time, I will like to know if there is any possibility of destroying the virus before spillover, not only China even in other part of the world including Nigeria were we have a lot of individual eating bush meat.

Mahmound, I don’t think it will ever be possible to destroy a virus before spillover, unless you eradicate the species that is its reservoir.

Thanks, EvMed friends, and hosts of the club! Have a great day!

Thanks everyone, this was great.

Thank you all for your time and the conversation. It’s been enlightening.

Thank you

Thank you!! That was great

Thank you Hongying, Kevin, Charlie, and Meredith!

Joseph the only way is to fine a vaccine for it then. Thank you so much.